Things to Know Before Buying Tiles – Complete Buying Guide

A tile is a flat, rigid surface covering unit made from fired clay, natural stone, glass, cement, or resin. Tiles are designed to create a water resistant, heat tolerant, and easy to clean surface. 

 

According to the British Ceramic Confederation, tiles are classified based on material composition, firing method, porosity, and mechanical strength. A standard ceramic tile measures 300x300mm with a thickness of 8mm, while larger format tiles can exceed 1200mm in one dimension. 

 

Tiles are primarily used in wet zones such as bathrooms and kitchens due to their low water absorption rate (≤0.5%), hygienic surface, and long lifespan exceeding 30 years in residential environments.

 

Buying tiles isn’t just about picking a colour, it’s about choosing the right material, size, finish, and specification for your space. From bathroom walls to outdoor patios, every area has different performance needs, safety standards, and style opportunities.

 

In this guide, we will walk you through every key decision: tile types, thickness, PEI and slip ratings, finishes, shapes, layouts, and 2025 design trends. You’ll also learn how to calculate quantities, match new tiles to existing floors, and choose the right tools, grout, and adhesive whether you’re DIY-ing or hiring a pro.

 

What Are the Key Factors to Consider Before Buying Tiles?

 

Before buying tiles, consider location, material, finish, size, slip rating, durability, maintenance, and visual design. These factors affect both function and appearance, ensuring long term satisfaction with your tile choice.

 

 

1. Room & Usage

 

• Choose tiles based on where they’ll be installed: wall, floor, bathroom, kitchen, hallway, or outdoor.
• Bathrooms require water resistant and anti slip tiles; kitchens need stain resistant, easy to clean options.

 

2. Material

 

• Ceramic and porcelain are common for walls and floors.
• Natural stone offers luxury but may require sealing and more maintenance.
• SPC and vinyl options work well for fast DIY installations and softer underfoot feel.
  

 

3. Finish

 

• Matt: slip resistant and subtle.
• Gloss: reflective and easy to wipe clean but can be slippery.
• Textured: adds grip and natural feel ideal for bathrooms or outdoor areas.

 

4. Slip Rating (R rating)

 

• R9: low slip resistance (dry indoor use only)
• R10–R11: medium slip resistance (bathrooms, kitchens)
• R12+: high slip resistance (outdoor, wet zones)

 

5. Size & Shape

 

• Large format tiles reduce grout lines and enhance space.
• Small tiles or mosaics are great for detailed work or wet rooms.

 

6. PEI Rating (Durability)

 

• Use PEI ratings to match tile strength with foot traffic:
  PEI 3–4 = home floors, PEI 5 = commercial use.

 

7. Shade Variation

 

• Some tiles (e.g. stone effect or wood look) intentionally vary in tone check V rating to plan layout visually.

 

8. Grout & Accessories

 

• Choose grout colours that match or contrast your tile design.
• Consider trims, adhesives, and waterproofing if needed.

 

9. Budget & Waste Allowance

 

• Always order 10–15% extra for cuts, wastage, and future repairs.
• Tile Mountain provides full coverage data per box to help estimate quantity accurately.

 

Choosing the right tile involves more than just style; it’s a balance of technical performance, safety, and design cohesion. Always sample, compare specs, and assess the space before you buy.

What Are the Different Types of Tiles?

 

There are six primary types of tiles used in interiors and exteriors: ceramic, porcelain, natural stone, glass, cement, and resin. Each tile type differs by raw material composition, water absorption rate, surface strength, and installation area.

 

Ceramic Tiles

 

Ceramic tile is a clay based surface covering fired at temperatures between 1000–1250°C. It has a water absorption rate between 3–7%, making it suitable for indoor walls and dry floor areas. Glazed ceramic tiles resist staining but are softer than porcelain, requiring careful handling in high traffic zones.

 

Porcelain Tiles

 

Porcelain tile is a vitrified ceramic tile with a water absorption rate below 0.5%, as classified by the EN ISO 10545 3 standard. It is denser, more durable, and suitable for wet areas, external patios, and commercial flooring. Porcelain tiles are available in polished, matt, and textured finishes, often replicating wood, stone, or concrete.

 

Natural Stone Tiles

 

Natural stone tiles include marble, granite, travertine, limestone, and slate. These are cut from quarried stone and differ by mineral composition, surface texture, and porosity. Stone tiles must be sealed due to natural absorbency and are commonly used in high end bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor walkways.

 

Glass Tiles

 

Glass tiles is a non-porous, reflective surface unit used primarily on walls, splashbacks, and feature borders. It transmits and reflects light, enhancing brightness in small bathrooms. Despite being waterproof, glass tiles are unsuitable for floors due to their low resistance to impact.

 

Cement Tiles

 

Cement tiles, also known as encaustic cement tiles, are made by compressing cement with mineral pigments. They are hand crafted, porous, and require penetrating sealers. Known for bold patterns and matte finish, they are used on feature floors, decorative walls, and heritage restorations.

 

Each tile type must be selected based on surface use, traffic load, water exposure, and maintenance requirements to ensure correct performance and longevity.

 

What Are the Best Tile Options for Bathrooms?

 

The best bathroom tiles options are porcelain, ceramic, natural stone, mosaic, and anti slip textured tiles. Each material serves a specific function based on water exposure, floor load, hygiene, and surface finish requirements.

 

 

Porcelain Tiles

 

Porcelain is the most durable and water resistant tile material for bathrooms. It absorbs less than 0.5% water (EN 14411 standard), resists stains and scratches, and supports Class 4–5 PEI wear ratings. Used for floors, wet rooms, and shower walls, porcelain tiles are available in matt, polished, and textured finishes to match design and safety needs.

 

Ceramic Tiles

 

Ceramic tiles are ideal for bathroom walls and light traffic floors. They are easier to cut, lightweight, and cost effective. With a water absorption rate between 3–7%, glazed ceramic tiles provide good resistance to moisture in splash zones, backsplashes, and vanity surrounds.

 

Natural Stone Tiles

 

Stone tiles like marble, slate, and travertine offer high end aesthetics with natural variation. They require sealing to protect against stains and moisture. Used in spa style floors and feature walls, they add depth and texture but demand more maintenance.

 

Mosaic Tiles

 

Mosaic tiles are best for shower floors, wet room gradients, and curved surfaces. Typically 25x25mm to 50x50mm in size, their high grout to tile ratio increases slip resistance (R11–R12). They are mounted on mesh sheets for flexible installation.

 

Anti Slip Textured Tiles

 

Anti slip textured tiles with R10 or higher slip ratings ensure safety in wet environments. These are critical for walk-in showers, sloped wet rooms, and elderly friendly bathrooms. Textures may include structured stone, lappato surfaces, or ribbed designs.

 

Tile choice in bathrooms must align with surface function, moisture exposure, and user safety. Porcelain leads for flooring, ceramic suits walls, and textured or mosaic tiles are essential in zones with direct water contact.

 

What Are the Best Tiles for Kitchens?

 

The best tiles for kitchens are porcelain, ceramic, natural stone, glass, and anti slip textured tiles. Each type is chosen based on durability, hygiene, stain resistance, and heat tolerance.

 

Porcelain: Best for kitchen floors. Absorbs <0.5% water, resists stains, heat, and heavy foot traffic. Rated Class 4–5 under PEI standards.

 

Ceramic: Ideal for splashbacks and walls. Lightweight, easy to clean, and available in glossy, matt, or patterned finishes.

 

Natural Stone: Used for high end floors and feature walls. Granite, slate, or limestone add texture but require sealing for oil and moisture resistance.

 

Glass: Perfect for splashbacks. Non porous, reflective, and stain resistant. Easy to clean behind hobs and sinks.

 

Anti Slip Textured: Recommended for kitchen floors in homes with children or elderly users. Textured porcelain tiles rated R10–R11 provide added grip.

 

Tile selection in kitchens depends on location, foot traffic, cooking zones, and surface hygiene. Porcelain leads for floors; ceramic and glass suit walls and splashbacks.

 

What Are the Best Tiles for Homes?

 

The best tiles for homes are porcelain, ceramic, vitrified, natural stone, and vinyl look tiles. Selection depends on room type, foot traffic, water exposure, and aesthetic goals.

 

Porcelain

 

Porcelain is the most versatile and durable tile for floors and wet areas. It has <0.5% water absorption, high impact resistance, and is available in wood, stone, or concrete effects. Best for bathrooms, kitchens, hallways, and living rooms.

 

Ceramic

 

Ceramic tiles are ideal for walls and low traffic floors. They are lightweight, affordable, and easy to clean, making them suitable for bedrooms, splashbacks, and decorative walls.

 

Vitrified Tiles

 

Vitrified tiles offer high gloss, stain resistance, and minimal porosity. Used in living areas and dining rooms, they provide a sleek, polished finish with long lasting shine.

 

Natural Stone

 

Natural stone tiles like marble, slate, and travertine add luxury and natural variation. Common in foyers, open plan spaces, and luxury bathrooms, they require regular sealing for longevity.

 

Vinyl Look Porcelain

 

These mimic LVT Tiles aesthetics with porcelain durability. Used in homes needing water resistance and wood visuals, especially in basements, utility areas, and modern interiors.

 

Home tile selection must match function, footfall, surface exposure, and design continuity. Porcelain suits most areas; stone adds texture; ceramic covers walls.

 

What Are the Best Tiles for Outdoor Use?

 

The best outdoor tiles are porcelain, quarry, natural stone, terracotta, and vitrified anti slip tiles. These materials are chosen based on weather resistance, slip rating, water absorption, and frost durability.

 

Porcelain (Outdoor Grade)

 

Porcelain tiles with <0.5% water absorption and R11–R13 slip ratings are ideal for patios, terraces, and balconies. They are frost proof, UV stable, and resistant to cracking, available in 20mm thickness for external load bearing applications.

 

Quarry Tiles

 

Quarry tiles are unglazed, dense, and naturally slip resistant. Made from extruded clay, they withstand heavy footfall and temperature swings, suitable for pathways, steps, and porches.

 

Natural Stone Tiles

 

Granite, slate, and sandstone tiles offer durability and texture underfoot. Must be sealed to resist water and stains. Used in garden paths, outdoor kitchens, and pool decks.

 

Terracotta Tiles

 

Terracotta tiles provide warm, rustic aesthetics in dry climates. They are porous and require deep sealing for wet or frost prone areas. Ideal for covered patios and Mediterranean style courtyards.

 

Vitrified Anti Slip Tiles

 

 

Double charged vitrified tiles with structured surfaces ensure long term grip. Suitable for driveways, ramps, and entryways, these tiles combine low porosity with textured slip control.

 

Outdoor tiles must meet technical standards for water resistance, surface friction (R rating), and freeze thaw cycles. Porcelain leads in performance, while stone and quarry tiles offer natural durability in traditional settings.

 

What Are the Best Eco Friendly or Recycled Tile Options?

 

The best eco friendly tile options are recycled glass, recycled ceramic, reclaimed natural stone, terrazzo, and eco certified porcelain. These tiles reduce resource extraction, landfill waste, and embodied carbon, while meeting performance needs in kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor areas.

 

Recycled Glass Tiles

 

Made from post consumer or industrial glass, these tiles are 100% recyclable, non porous, and stain resistant. Used on walls, splashbacks, and mosaics, they offer vibrant colours and light reflective finishes. Suitable for wet zones due to low water absorption.

 

Recycled Ceramic Tiles

 

Manufactured using reclaimed clay, broken ceramics, or factory waste, these tiles conserve raw materials and energy. Applied in floors and walls, they offer the same strength and appearance as standard ceramic but with up to 60% recycled content.

 

Reclaimed Natural Stone

 

Salvaged marble, limestone, slate, and granite are reused from demolitions or surplus. These tiles retain full material integrity and reduce quarrying. Suitable for luxury floors, patios, and feature walls, with unique natural variation.

 

 

Terrazzo Tiles

 

Terrazzo tiles are made from stone chips, recycled glass, and cement binders. Long lasting and customisable, they are used in kitchens, entryways, and bathroom floors. Modern terrazzo contains up to 70% recycled content.

 

Eco Certified Porcelain Tiles

 

Porcelain tiles with environmental certifications (e.g. Ecolabel, GreenGuard, LEED compliant) are made using energy efficient kilns and recycled dust or water. Suitable for all internal and external zones, these tiles offer durability without high environmental cost.

 

Sustainable tile choices must meet durability, water resistance, and slip safety standards while reducing environmental impact. Recycled and low impact tiles now match traditional products in quality and design versatility.

 

What Tile Sizes are Best for Bathrooms?

 

Tile sizes between 300x300mm and 600x600mm are most suitable for bathrooms, depending on the wall, floor, and room size.

 

• Small format tiles (≤300x300mm) are ideal for compact spaces, curved surfaces, and wet room floors where more grout lines enhance slip resistance. According to the UK Health and Safety Executive, smaller floor tiles provide better traction in high moisture environments.

 

• Medium format tiles (300x600mm or 600x600mm) are preferred for walls and floors in standard bathrooms, offering a balance between aesthetics and installation efficiency. These sizes reduce grout joints, making surfaces easier to clean and more visually continuous.

 

• Large format tiles (≥600x1200mm) can be used on feature walls or expansive floors in luxury or open plan bathrooms, but require flat substrates and precise levelling. They create a seamless, high end finish with minimal grout lines.

Mosaic tiles (typically 25x25mm to 50x50mm) are recommended for shower floors and niches due to their flexibility around slopes and drains.

 

Tile size selection should match the room’s dimensions, drainage gradient, and visual goals, while complying with slip resistance and hygiene standards.

 

What Are the Key Tile Finishes?

There are 5 main tile finishes: matt, gloss, satin, textured, and polished. Each finish alters a tile’s slip resistance level, light reflectivity, tactile surface, and cleaning effort, which directly affects where the tile can be installed.

 

 

Matt Finish

Matt finish provides a non reflective, high friction surface suitable for wet zones. According to DIN 51130 slip rating standards, most matt tiles achieve R10 to R11 classifications, which meet bathroom safety guidelines in the UK. Matt finishes reduce surface glare, hide watermarks, and are recommended for bathroom floors, shower zones, and wet room areas where grip is prioritised over reflectivity.

 

Gloss Finish

 

Gloss finish reflects maximum light due to its smooth, glazed surface, increasing visual brightness in confined spaces. Most gloss tiles have R8–R9 slip ratings, making them unsuitable for floors with water exposure. They are used on walls, splashbacks, and decorative features, where ease of cleaning and reflective shine are preferred over surface grip.

 

Satin Finish

 

Satin finish offers a semi gloss texture with soft light diffusion. It balances hygiene and aesthetics, providing low slip potential with moderate reflectivity. Satin tiles are used in bathroom walls, medium traffic residential floors, and transitional areas, where subtle sheen and smooth surface maintenance are both desirable.

 

 

Textured Finish

Textured finish includes structured surfaces that mimic natural materials like slate, timber, or fabric. The raised surface creates higher friction (R11–R12), offering enhanced safety in wet zones, patios, and high slip risk floors. Surface grooves improve grip but require more frequent cleaning due to debris retention in recesses.

 

Polished Finish

 

Polished finish results from mechanical buffing of porcelain or stone tiles, creating a high gloss, mirror like surface. It is used for feature walls and luxury floor zones with low moisture contact. Polished tiles typically have lower slip resistance and must be paired with anti slip treatments for safe bathroom use.

 

Each tile finish must be matched to the application zone based on its R rating, light behaviour, cleaning frequency, and surface friction performance. Selecting the wrong finish can compromise safety, hygiene, or visual intent in bathroom environments.

 

What Is a Slip Rating and Why Does It Matter?

 

A slip rating is a safety classification that measures how resistant a tile surface is to slipping under wet or dry conditions. It is essential for selecting tiles in bathrooms, kitchens, outdoor areas, and commercial environments, where floor safety is critical.

 

Main Slip Rating Systems in UK

 

R Rating (DIN 51130)

 

Measures slip resistance with footwear on an inclined ramp. Ratings range from R9 (lowest grip) to R13 (highest grip).

• R9: Dry indoor use only (e.g. living rooms, bedrooms)
• R10: Light wet areas (e.g. domestic kitchens, hallways)
• R11: Wet rooms, bathrooms, entrances
• R12–R13: Outdoor patios, pool surrounds, commercial kitchens
  

ABC Rating (DIN 51097)

 

Used for barefoot areas like showers and pools.

• A: Minimal slip resistance (dry barefoot zones)
• B: Moderate grip (domestic shower floors)
• C: High grip (public pools, sloped wet rooms)
  

Pendulum Test Value (PTV)

 

UK standard under BS 7976 2 and BS EN 16165.

• PTV ≥36: Low slip risk (safe)
• PTV <36: Moderate to high slip risk

Slip ratings matter because they prevent falls, comply with building regulations, and protect users in wet or high traffic environments. For bathrooms and wet zones, tiles rated R11 or PTV ≥36 are recommended to ensure user safety.

What Is a PEI Rating?

 

A PEI rating (Porcelain Enamel Institute rating) measures the surface wear resistance of glazed tiles. It indicates how well a tile can withstand foot traffic, abrasion, and surface wear in residential or commercial environments.

 

PEI 0: No foot traffic – for walls only (e.g. splashbacks, decorative panels)

 

PEI 1: Very light traffic – for en suite walls and bathroom floors (barefoot use only)

 

PEI 2: Light traffic – for domestic bathrooms and bedrooms (light footwear)

 

PEI 3: Moderate traffic – for kitchens, living rooms, and corridors

 

PEI 4: Heavy residential or light commercial – for hallways, offices, and hotel rooms

 

PEI 5: Heavy commercial – for airports, shopping centres, and public lobbies

 

PEI rating matters because it ensures the tile surface remains durable and scratch resistant under expected wear conditions. For bathroom floors, PEI 3 or higher is recommended. For kitchen and hallway floors, PEI 4–5 ensures long term performance. Lower rated tiles are suitable only for wall use or minimal foot contact zones.

 

How to Calculate How Many Tiles You Need?

 

To calculate how many tiles you need, divide the total area to be tiled by the area covered by a single tile, then add 10% for cutting and waste. Use the same unit (m²) for both surface area and tile coverage.

 

Measure your space:

 

Multiply the length × width of each wall or floor section to get the surface area in square metres (m²). For example, a 2.5m × 2m bathroom wall = 5m².

 

Find tile coverage:

 

Check the size of a tile in mm or cm and convert to m².
Example: A 600x600mm tile = 0.6m × 0.6m = 0.36m² per tile.

 

Calculate tile quantity:

 

Divide total area by tile area.
Example: 5m² ÷ 0.36m² = 13.89 tiles → round up to 14 tiles.

 

Add 10% for wastage:

 

Multiply total tiles × 1.1 (10% extra).
14 × 1.1 = 15.4 tiles → round up to 16 tiles.

 

Special layouts:

 

For diagonal or herringbone patterns, add 15–20% extra instead of 10%, due to more cutting loss.

 

Accurate tile quantity prevents delays, over ordering, and installation gaps. Always round up to full boxes and confirm box coverage, as it varies by tile size and thickness.

 

What Are the Top Tile Colour Trends in 2025?

 

The top tile colour trends in 2025 are earthy neutrals, deep greens and blues, energising yellows, soft pastels, and bold saturated tones. These colours align with design needs for warmth, contrast, and biophilic influence in modern bathrooms.

 

• Earthy Neutrals: Terracotta, beige, clay, and sand tiles offer natural warmth. Used in floors and feature walls, especially in matt finishes. UK tile retailers report a 23% rise in beige tile demand.

 

• Deep Greens & Blues: Emerald, forest green, navy, and teal are used on walls and shower zones for spa-like calm. Popular with brass and wood accents.

 

• Energising Yellows: Butter yellow, saffron, and mustard are used in niche walls and patterned mosaics. Highlighted by KitchenAid as a 2025 trend colour.

 

• Soft Pastels & Warm Whites: Cream, pastel blue, blush, and soft sage create light, soothing backdrops. Favoured in compact bathrooms and family spaces.

 

• Bold Saturated Tones: Scarlet, cobalt, and burnt orange appear in monochrome feature walls and colour blocked floor designs, often in gloss finishes.

Colour selection in 2025 balances neutral bases with bold accents, optimising light, mood, and material contrast.

 

What Are the Top Tile Design Trends in 2025?

 

The top tile design trends in 2025 are tile drenching, 3D textures, large format slabs, sustainable materials, and graphic patterns. Each trend enhances spatial immersion, surface tactility, or material consciousness in bathrooms and living zones.

 

Tile Drenching

 

Tile drenching uses the same tile across walls, floors, and ceilings to create a unified space. It is applied in wet rooms, ensuites, and walk-in showers, most often with neutral tone porcelain in matt or satin finishes. This approach eliminates visual breaks, expands small spaces, and simplifies grout transitions.

 

 

3D Textured Surfaces

 

Fluted, ribbed, and wave patterned tiles introduce vertical relief and natural shadow depth. Commonly used on feature walls, alcoves, and splashbacks, these tiles replicate handcrafted clay and carved stone finishes, aligning with organic design and sensory rich materials.

 

 

Large Format Tiles

 

Tiles exceeding 1200mm in length reduce grout lines and increase spatial continuity. These are favoured for floor to ceiling walls and open plan floors in bathrooms. Large format stone effect or microcement look porcelain tiles improve hygiene and offer a seamless, contemporary finish.

 

 

Sustainable Materials

 

Recycled glass, eco certified porcelain, and handmade terracotta tiles meet the demand for low impact surfaces. These are used in splash zones, vanity surrounds, and flooring, offering natural variation and environmental transparency. Sustainability is now a primary purchase factor in bathroom refurbishments.

 

 

Bold Graphic Patterns

 

Checkerboards, geometric mosaics, and retro prints return in modular, contemporary formats. Used for statement floors and zoning accent walls, these patterns increase visual identity without compromising durability. Often applied in colour contrasted or monochrome palettes.

 

What Tile Styles or Effects Can I Choose From?

 

Tile styles and effects include stone, wood, concrete, marble, terrazzo, metal, encaustic, and 3D textured finishes. Each style replicates a distinct material or surface aesthetic, offering both design versatility and functional benefits.

 

• Stone Effect Tiles: Imitates natural slate, granite, or limestone with realistic veining and texture. Common in rustic bathrooms, hallways, and outdoor areas.

 

• Wood Effect Tiles: Replicates timber grains in plank formats. Popular for creating warm, organic floors in bathrooms and kitchens, with none of the moisture issues of real wood.

 

• Marble Effect Tiles: Emulates Carrara, Calacatta, or Emperador marbles. Suitable for luxury bathroom walls or high end hotel style spaces.

 

• Concrete Effect Tiles: Industrial style matt finishes, ideal for minimalist interiors or contemporary loft style homes.

 

• Terrazzo Effect Tiles: Features multicoloured chips in cement style backgrounds. Used in retro, playful, or designer spaces.

 

• Metallic & Oxidised Effect Tiles: Mimics copper, steel, or rusted iron. Adds depth and modern contrast in feature walls or commercial settings.

 

• Encaustic or Patterned Tiles: Inspired by Victorian or Mediterranean styles, often used in hallways, splashbacks, or statement floors.

 

• 3D Textured Tiles: Sculpted surfaces with fluted, wave, or geometric textures. Common for bathroom feature walls and high end interiors.

 

Choosing the right style depends on your room type, lighting, and mood: stone and marble for elegance, wood for warmth, concrete for minimalism, and encaustic for statement design.

 

What Are the Different Shapes of Tiles?

 

The most common tile shapes include square, rectangular, hexagonal, herringbone, chevron, and scallop. Each shape influences layout style, room perception, and installation complexity.

 

Square Tiles

 

Standardised formats like 300x300mm, 450x450mm, or 600x600mm. Used for classic grid or diamond layouts on both walls and floors.

 

Rectangular Tiles

 

Sizes like 600x300mm or 900x150mm. Ideal for brick bond, vertical stack, or herringbone layouts. Used widely in metro and wood effect tile ranges.

 

Hexagonal Tiles

 

Six sided geometric shape. Popular for statement floors, patterned transitions, or decorative wall zones.

 

Chevron Tiles

 

Cut at angles to create a continuous V shape. Offer dynamic, directional movement on walls or floors.

 

Herringbone Tiles

 

Rectangular tiles arranged in interlocking zig zag patterns. Adds texture and complexity, especially with wood effect planks.

 

Scallop (Fish Scale) Tiles:

 

Rounded shapes used in Art Deco or Moroccan inspired designs. Common in splashbacks and feature walls.

 

Penny & Mosaic Tiles:

 

Small round, square, or mixed format tiles on mesh sheets. Used in wet rooms, niches, or curved surfaces.

 

Tile shape affects pattern design, visual scale, and room flow squares offer simplicity, rectangles add movement, and shaped tiles create visual interest or heritage aesthetics.

 

How to Choose the Right Tile Shape?

 

Choose the right tile shape based on room size, layout style, tile material, and the desired visual effect. Shape impacts how a space feels larger, longer, wider, or more decorative.

 

• For small rooms: Use rectangular tiles in a horizontal layout to visually widen narrow bathrooms or cloakrooms. Large format square tiles with minimal grout lines can also make the floor appear more open.

 

• For large rooms: Use larger squares (600x600mm, 750x750mm) or plank tiles (900x150mm) to reduce joint lines and create a sleek, modern feel.

 

• For modern aesthetics: Go with herringbone, chevron, or hexagonal tiles. These shapes suit feature walls, walk-in showers, or kitchen splashbacks.

 

• For traditional or vintage interiors: Use mosaic, penny round, or encaustic inspired patterns in geometric layouts like basketweave or windmill.

 

• For continuity: Use the same shape across walls and floors, especially in small areas like ensuites or wet rooms, to reduce visual clutter.

 

• For texture or movement: Choose shapes that allow expressive layouts herringbone, scallop, or fish scale tiles give curved flow or zigzag rhythm.

The best tile shape is the one that enhances both your space’s dimensions and its design intent: rectangles for direction, squares for simplicity, and geometric shapes for detail.

 

What Are the Most Common Tile Layouts and Patterns?

 

There are 7 common tile layouts: straight lay, brick bond, diagonal, herringbone, chevron, basketweave, and modular. Each layout affects the visual flow, room proportion, and tile waste rate.

 

Straight Lay (Grid)

Tiles are aligned in a straight vertical and horizontal grid. Best for large format tiles and minimalist bathroom walls. Offers clean lines and low installation complexity.

 

Brick Bond (Running Bond)

 

Tiles are staggered by 50% or 1/3 along the horizontal line. Common in metro tiles and subway style walls. Reduces the appearance of grout lines and surface unevenness.

 

Diagonal (Diamond)

 

Tiles are set at a 45° angle to the wall or floor. Expands visual width in narrow bathrooms. Increases cutting and waste (10–15%).

 

Herringbone

 

Tiles are laid in a V shaped zigzag. Works with rectangular wood look or metro tiles. Enhances depth and vertical height on shower walls or splashbacks.

 

Chevron

 

Tiles are cut at an angle and joined to form a continuous V. Unlike herringbone, edges align perfectly. Used for feature walls or patterned floors.

 

Basketweave

 

Pairs of rectangular tiles form squares resembling woven fabric. Traditional style for Victorian or heritage style floors.

 

Modular (Versailles)

 

Uses multi size tiles in repeating layouts. Ideal for stone look or travertine tiles in large bathrooms or open plan spaces.

 

Layout choice impacts visual scale, installation time, grout usage, and offcut volume. Selecting the right pattern enhances spatial balance and tile efficiency.

 

How Thick Are Tiles, and Does Thickness Matter?

 

Tile thickness ranges from 4mm to 20mm depending on material type, usage area, and surface load. Thickness affects installation height, structural durability, break strength, and load tolerance, which directly impacts bathroom performance.

 

Wall Tile Thickness

 

Wall tiles are typically 6mm to 8mm thick. Ceramic wall tiles fall within this range due to lower density and surface load. Thinner profiles reduce pressure on plasterboard, cement board, or tile backer systems. Lower mass improves adhesion and vertical bond strength.

 

Floor Tile Thickness

 

Floor tiles measure between 8mm and 12mm. Porcelain floor tiles often reach 10mm to 11mm, especially in Class 3–5 PEI wear zones, where abrasion, impact, and foot traffic are constant. Thicker tiles are required for bathroom floors, wet rooms, and underfloor heating zones to maintain structural rigidity.

 

Large Format Tile Thickness

 

Tiles larger than 600x600mm need at least 9mm to 12mm thickness. Greater surface area increases bending risk during installation. Added thickness maintains flatness and corner strength when laid over levelling compounds or floating floors.

Mosaic Tile Thickness

 

Mosaics are 4mm to 6mm thick, often mounted on mesh sheets. Their thin profile allows bending over curves or slopes, used in shower niches, alcoves, and wet room floors with drainage gradients. Thinner tiles require careful adhesive application to prevent telegraphing.

 

Outdoor and Heavy Duty Tile Thickness

 

External and commercial grade tiles range from 14mm to 20mm. These are designed to withstand thermal variation, point loads, and chemical exposure. Used in pool surrounds, patios, and industrial bathrooms with higher static and dynamic load demand.

 

Yes, tile thickness matters. Incorrect thickness causes breakage during cutting, adhesive failure, height mismatch with adjoining surfaces, and reduced mechanical resistance. Thickness must align with substrate strength, adhesive type, load rating, and floor transition planning to ensure long term performance.

 

What Is Tile Bending Strength and When Is It Relevant?

 

Tile bending strength is the maximum stress a tile can withstand before breaking under load. It is measured in megapascals (MPa) and defined by EN ISO 10545 4 standards. Bending strength determines a tile’s resistance to flexing during installation and live load after installation.

 

• Ceramic wall tiles have a typical bending strength of ≥15 MPa. They are used on vertical surfaces and do not bear structural load. Flex resistance is less critical, but edge support during transport and cutting still matters.

 

• Porcelain floor tiles achieve ≥35 MPa, offering higher structural rigidity. Bending strength is crucial when tiling suspended floors, underfloor heated slabs, or large format installations, where tile flexing can cause surface cracking.

 

• Natural stone tiles (like marble or limestone) vary widely by mineral composition. Some may have bending strength below 20 MPa, requiring substrate reinforcement and anti fracture membranes for safe installation.

 

• Large format tiles (≥600x600mm) with insufficient bending strength may crack under point loads or warp during laying, especially if substrate flatness deviates over ±2mm per 2 metres.

Bending strength is relevant when the tile is exposed to uneven subfloors, dynamic load, thermal expansion, or impact stress. It should always be evaluated for flooring, exterior paving, and thin tiles (<7mm) used in high traffic zones.

 

Selecting tiles with certified bending strength aligned to usage class and substrate condition prevents post installation failure.

 

What is Tile Frost Resistance, and Why is it Important?

 

Tile frost resistance is the ability of a tile to withstand repeated freeze thaw cycles without cracking, spalling, or structural failure. It is critical for outdoor tiles and any exterior wall or floor surface exposed to water and sub zero temperatures.

 

• Definition: Frost resistance refers to the tile’s porosity, water absorption rate, and internal structure. Porcelain tiles with <0.5% water absorption are classified as frost resistant under ISO 10545 12.

 

• Importance: When porous tiles absorb water and the temperature drops below 0°C, the trapped moisture expands as it freezes. This causes surface cracks, delamination, or breakage over time.

 

Material comparison:

Porcelain: Highest frost resistance due to vitrification.

 

Natural Stone: Varies by type granite and slate resist freezing better than limestone or travertine.

 

Ceramic: Typically unsuitable for freeze thaw unless sealed and protected.

 

Use cases: Frost resistant tiles are required for patios, balconies, driveways, outdoor steps, and garden paths in cold climates like Scotland, Northern England, or Wales.

 

Technical standards: According to EN ISO 10545 3, tiles must absorb less than 3% water to be suitable for exterior use in frost prone zones. Fully vitrified porcelain tiles meet this threshold.

 

Frost resistance ensures the tile maintains structural integrity, surface durability, and safety across changing weather conditions in cold, wet regions.

 

Are Tiles Suitable for Underfloor Heating?

 

Yes, tiles are suitable for underfloor heating because of their high thermal conductivity, low thermal resistance, and structural stability under heat. They provide efficient, consistent heat distribution and retain warmth longer than other surfaces.

 

• Porcelain and ceramic tiles are the most compatible with both electric and wet (hydronic) underfloor heating systems. Their dense structure allows heat to pass through quickly and evenly.

 

• Thermal performance: Porcelain tiles have a thermal conductivity of 1.19–1.70 W/mK, enabling faster heating response compared to vinyl or laminate. Ceramic tiles range between 0.85–1.0 W/mK.

 

• Structural durability: Tiles are heat stable and do not expand or warp under temperature fluctuations, unlike timber or LVT. They’re also moisture resistant, making them ideal for bathrooms, kitchens, and conservatories.

 

• Adhesive and substrate: Underfloor heating installations require flexible tile adhesives and a decoupling membrane to accommodate thermal expansion and avoid cracking.

 

• Recommended thickness: Tile thickness should be 8–12mm for optimal heat transfer without delaying warm up time.

 

Tiles are one of the most efficient and safe flooring surfaces for use with underfloor heating, especially in zones needing both heat retention and durability.

 

How to Install Tiles  DIY vs Professional Methods?

 

Tiles can be installed using either DIY methods or by hiring professionals, but the method impacts finish quality, longevity, and technical accuracy. DIY suits small, low risk areas; professional installation is required for large, wet, or structurally sensitive zones.

 

DIY Tile Installation

 

• Scope: Best for small spaces (backsplashes, cloakrooms, low traffic floors).

 

• Tools required: Tile cutter, notched trowel, spacers, level, spirit level, adhesive, grout float, sponge.

 

Steps:

• 1. Prepare substrate (clean, dry, level).
  2. Plan layout (use dry lay method).
  3. Apply tile adhesive with a notched trowel.
  4. Lay tiles using spacers.
  5. Cut edge tiles to fit.
  6. Leave to set (usually 24 hours).
  7. Grout and clean off the haze.

 

• Risks: Poor alignment, lippage, uneven grout lines, adhesive failure, water ingress.

 

Professional Tile Installation

 

• Scope: Required for bathrooms, wet rooms, outdoor paving, large format tiles, underfloor heating.

 

• Benefits:
  • Laser levelled layouts
    • Full substrate prep (self levelling compounds, tanking, decoupling membranes)
    • Correct expansion joints and movement allowances
    • Precision cutting and finishing

 

• Certifications: Many UK installers are TTA (The Tile Association) certified and follow British Standards BS 5385.

 

Choose DIY for decorative, low impact spaces and opt for professionals when waterproofing, heavy loads, or structural issues are involved. Installation quality directly affects the lifespan, safety, and aesthetics of tiled surfaces.

 

What Tools Are Needed for Tiling?

 

Tiling requires a combination of cutting, levelling, fixing, and finishing accessories to ensure precision, safety, and durability. Each tool supports a critical stage of the tile installation process.

 

• Tape Measure & Pencil: For marking accurate measurements and layout planning.

 

• Tile Cutter: Manual or electric cutter for straight cuts; wet saw for porcelain, stone, or large format tiles.

 

• Tile Nippers: Used for curved or detailed cuts, especially around pipes or irregular shapes.

 

• Spirit Level & Laser Level: Ensures tiles are laid flat, straight, and without lippage across the surface.

 

• Notched Trowel: Spreads tile adhesive evenly; notch size varies based on tile size (e.g. 10mm for large floor tiles).

 

• Rubber Mallet: Gently taps tiles into position without breaking them.

 

• Tile Spacers: Maintain consistent grout lines between tiles (commonly 2mm–5mm).

 

• Grout Float: Rubber tool used to press grout into joints without damaging tiles.

 

• Sponge & Clean Water Bucket: Wipes off excess grout and removes haze post installation.

 

• Mixing Paddle & Drill: Mixes adhesive and grout to correct consistency, avoiding air pockets.

 

• Knee Pads & Safety Goggles: Protect joints and eyes during cutting and floor level work.

 

 

Each tool ensures accuracy, efficiency, and safety at different tiling stages cutting, bedding, spacing, and grouting. Without the right tools, tile installations risk alignment errors, weak adhesion, and premature failure.

 

What Is Tile Adhesive?

 

Tile adhesive is a bonding material used to fix tiles to floors, walls, or other surfaces. It ensures secure adhesion, even load distribution, and long term durability under mechanical stress, moisture, or temperature changes.

 

• Composition: Most tile adhesives are made from cementitious compounds, resins, polymers, and chemical additives. These components improve grip strength, flexibility, and setting time.

 

• Types:
  • Cement Based Adhesive: Used for ceramic and porcelain tiles on concrete or screed. Often mixed on site.
  • Ready Mixed Adhesive: Pre mixed for quick wall tile application in low moisture areas. Not suitable for floors or wet zones.
  • Flexible Adhesive: Contains polymers, ideal for underfloor heating or areas with substrate movement.
  • Rapid Set Adhesive: Sets within 2–4 hours, used for time sensitive projects.
• BS EN Standards: Adhesives must meet EN 12004 classifications, e.g. C2TE S1 denotes improved cementitious adhesive (C2), extended open time (E), reduced slip (T), and deformability (S1).

 

Correct adhesive choice is essential to prevent tile lifting, cracking, or water ingress, especially in high impact zones like kitchens, wet rooms, or exteriors.

 

What is the Purpose of Tile Grout, and How Do I Apply It Properly?

 

Tile grout fills the spaces between tiles to lock them in place, prevent moisture ingress, and distribute structural stress evenly. It also enhances appearance by creating clean lines and protecting edges from chipping.

 

Purpose of Tile Grout

 

• Joint Stabilisation: Prevents tiles from shifting under foot traffic or thermal movement.

 

• Moisture Resistance: Seals gaps to stop water penetration critical in bathrooms, kitchens, and wet rooms.

 

• Aesthetic Finish: Comes in various colours and textures to complement tile style or create contrast.

 

• Hygiene Control: Inhibits dirt accumulation and makes cleaning easier. Some grouts include anti mould additives.

 

How to Apply Tile Grout Properly

 

1. Allow Adhesive to Cure: Wait 24 hours after tile fixing before grouting.
2. Mix Grout: Use a powdered grout (e.g. cement based or epoxy) mixed to smooth, lump free paste.
3. Apply with Float: Spread grout diagonally using a rubber grout float, pushing it deep into joints.
4. Remove Excess: Wipe off surface grout with a damp sponge at 45° angles before it sets.
5. Final Clean: Buff tile surfaces after grout dries (~15–30 mins) to remove haze.
6. Seal if Needed: Apply grout sealer (for porous grout types) to improve water and stain resistance.

 

Proper grout application ensures water tightness, structural integrity, and clean aesthetics in both residential and commercial tile installations.

 

What Are Tile Trims and How Are They Used?

 

Tile trims are finishing profiles used to protect exposed tile edges, prevent chipping, and create a clean, professional transition between surfaces. They are essential wherever tiles end such as corners, walls, niches, steps, or transitions to different flooring materials.

 

Tile trims serve both functional and aesthetic purposes. Functionally, they protect tile edges from mechanical impact and wear, particularly at external corners, which are prone to cracking. They also help absorb small height differences between tiled surfaces and adjoining materials, like carpet or wood, improving safety and visual flow. In wet areas like bathrooms, trims can be paired with sealants to reduce water ingress and improve long term durability.

 

Aesthetically, trims frame tiled areas neatly, hiding uneven cuts and adding a defined border that enhances the tile layout. Various types exist based on design needs: straight edge (L shaped) trims are the most common for clean finishes; quadrant trims have a curved profile for softer edges; square edge trims give a sharp, modern look. Movement joint trims accommodate tile expansion and contraction in large installations, while transition trims bridge gaps between different flooring types.

 

Tile trims come in materials such as aluminium (lightweight and corrosion resistant), PVC (moisture proof and economical), stainless steel (impact resistant for commercial areas), and brass (used for premium finishes). Selecting the correct trim depends on the tile thickness, edge location, finish style, and environmental exposure.

 

How Do I Clean and Maintain Tiles?

 

To clean and maintain tiles, use pH neutral cleaners regularly, wipe spills quickly, and reseal grout or natural tiles as needed. The right method depends on the tile’s material, finish, and location.

 

Daily & Weekly Cleaning:

 

Sweep or vacuum to remove grit that can scratch the surface. Mop with warm water and a pH neutral tile cleaner avoids harsh bleach or acidic products, which can damage glaze or grout.

 

Grout Care:

 

Clean grout with a soft brush and mild cleaner. For older grout lines, use a grout whitener or apply a specialist grout pen. In wet zones, check regularly for mould or mildew.

 

Stain Removal:

 

For stubborn marks, apply a paste of bicarbonate of soda and water or use a manufacturer recommended tile stain remover. Always spot the test first.

 

Sealing (if needed):

 

Natural stone tiles (e.g. slate, marble, travertine) and cement based tiles need sealing to prevent staining. Reseal every 1–2 years or as directed by the product.

 

Polished Tiles:

Buff polished porcelain or marble with a soft, dry cloth after mopping to maintain shine. Avoid abrasive pads that can dull the finish.

 

Regular maintenance keeps your tiles looking their best whether it’s high traffic floors or steamy bathroom walls and helps extend the life of both tile and grout.

 

How Do I Match New Tiles with Existing Flooring?

 

To match new tiles with existing flooring, compare shade, texture, size, grout, and material and if the original tile is still available, you can reorder the same product directly from the Tile Mountain website. Matching ensures seamless continuity across rooms or extensions.

 

 

Check the Original Product:

 

If your existing floor came from Tile Mountain, search for the same tile name or code online. Reordering the exact tile ensures perfect alignment in shade, size, and finish.

 

Compare Colour and Tone:

 

Place samples next to the original flooring in natural daylight. Pay attention to undertones (cool vs warm), surface patterning, and any shade variation classification (V0–V4).

 

Match Texture and Finish:

 

Identify if your floor is matt, satin, gloss, or textured. A change in finish even with the same colour can create visual breaks.

 

Use the Same Tile Format:

 

Match tile size (e.g. 600x600mm), thickness, and edge type (rectified or non rectified). Differing formats can disrupt grout alignment and surface uniformity.

 

 

Coordinate Grout and Layout:

 

Use the same grout width and colour to avoid visible seams. Continue the same laying pattern (e.g. straight lay or herringbone) into the new space.

 

For a seamless tile extension, order the original or closely matching product from Tile Mountain, and compare all technical and visual features before installation.

 

 

Can I Get Tile Samples Before Purchasing?

 

Yes, Tile Mountain offers tile samples to help you assess texture, colour, and finish before committing to a full order.

 

• Sample Types: Small cut samples (e.g., 10×10 cm) and, in many cases, full format tiles.

 

• Delivery Time: Samples are typically delivered within 2–5 working days across the UK.

 

• Cost & Returns: Often offered free or at minimal cost, sometimes with full refunds upon placing a larger order.

 

Why you should order samples:

• Confirm true colour and shade variation under your lighting.

 

• Check surface texture and slip resistance in person.

 

• Preview how the tile works with your bathroom fixtures and decor.

 

• Ensure the scale and pattern of the tile fit your space and design intent.

 

Ordering a sample from Tile Mountain helps you make confident, informed choices and reduces the risk of ordering incorrect tiles.

 

 

What Is the Standard Coverage Per Tile Box?

 

When purchasing tiles, understanding the standard coverage per box is essential for accurate planning and budgeting. The exact coverage can vary depending on the tile’s size, thickness, and intended application (wall vs floor), but there are common coverage ranges based on tile dimensions and packaging formats.

 

• Small tiles (e.g. 300x300mm) typically contain 11–15 tiles per box and cover around 1.0 to 1.5 square metres.

 

• Medium tiles (like 450x450mm) usually provide 1.0 to 1.2 square metres per box.

 

• Large format tiles (such as 600x600mm) often come 4 per box and cover roughly 1.44 square metres.

 

• Extra large tiles (e.g. 600x1200mm) typically contain 2 tiles per box, also covering around 1.44 square metres.

 

• Mosaic tiles, sold as 300x300mm sheets, generally include 10–12 sheets and cover about 1.0 square metre.

 

• Wall tiles such as metro bricks or smaller ceramics tend to offer 0.8 to 1.2 square metres of coverage per box, depending on grout spacing and thickness.

 

To ensure full coverage and avoid shortages, always check the exact “Coverage per Box” information listed on each product page at Tile Mountain Website. We recommend purchasing an extra 10–15% to account for cutting waste, layout adjustments, and potential breakages during installation.

 

Where Can I Buy Quality Tiles?

 

If you’re planning a home renovation or a new project, one of the first questions that comes up is where can I buy quality tiles? At Tile Mountain, you can choose to shop online from the comfort of your home or Visit our 15+ showrooms across the UK, including major locations such as Birmingham, Cardiff, Liverpool, Nottingham, Milton Keynes, Hull, Peterborough, Southampton, Stockport, Kettering, Swindon, Stockton-on-Tees, and Stoke-on-Trent to see our full range in person.

 

We stock wall, floor, bathroom, kitchen, and outdoor tiles in a wide variety of styles, sizes, and finishes ensuring there’s a tile to suit every space and design vision. Tile Mountain makes it easy to buy quality tiles with confidence.

 

 

Final Thoughts

 

 

Tiles are one of the most practical and long lasting surface finishes for homes, offices, and outdoor areas. The right choice depends on where they’ll be used, how much traffic the area gets, and the style you want to achieve. Material, slip resistance, finish, size, and layout all play a role in both performance and appearance.

 

From planning and measuring to choosing grout and trims, every step matters. With thousands of designs and formats available at Tile Mountain online and in showrooms it’s easy to find the right tile for any space. Make sure to order samples, check specifications, and allow for waste, so you get it right the first time.